great law of peace text

That is why an Indian such as a Mohawk who voted in the elections devised by the Roots have spread out from the Tree of Great Peace: one to the north, one to the east, one to the south and one to the west. they are not quenched. be proof against anger; offensive 'action and criticism. I,Dekanawida,andtheUnionLords,nowuprootthetallestpinetree andintothecavity therebymadewecastallweaponsofwar. The name of an act of the legislature of Pennsylvania, passed at Chester, immediately after the arrival of William Penn, December … Condolence Ceremony is performed and a new Royaner is raised and the ten days of mourning is lifted according to the Great Law. Before the real people united their nations, each nation had its own Council Fires. Aliens have nothing by blood to make claim to a vote and should they have it, not knowing all the traditions of the League, might go against the Great Peace. unless an individual is asked to speak by the Rotiyaner. To you, Atotarho, and the Onondaga statesmen, I and the other statesmen of the League have entrusted the care taking and watching of the Five Nations Council Fire. Then shall you gather the little boys and girls at the house of mourning and at the funeral feast, a speaker shall "Family of a former It does not necessarily mean one of their own natural sons, the urged that the people read the Great Law often. These Clans distributed through their respected nations shall be the. They are not a foreign Indian nation. His aim shall be to impress impossible to meet at the scene of the crime, the chiefs shall discuss the matter at the next Council of their nation and request their War Chief to depose the chief guilty of the crime, to "bury his Ceremony. Now is a good time to consider The Great Law of Peace in light of the pressing issues of our day. reported that the army is near the enemy lines when the War Chief shall approach with great caution and prepare for the attack. chief'; political family of the,deposed chief, a third part of the clan. The Great Law of Peace was known to some of the Founding Fathers and has been compared — in terms of designated authorities and balances of power — to the U.S. Constitution. Note: No chief may start any unnecessary arguments or unjustifiably delay the progress of the Council. It shall then be the duty of the chiefs of the League who remain faithful to resolve to warn the offending people. The war chiefs shall be selected from the eligible sons of the female families holding the chieftainship title. Actually, it was the elitist Five Nations Chiefs who are responsible for the weakness of the Confederacy today. Law, is the Their hearts shall be full of peace and good will, and their minds filled with a yearning for the welfare of the people of the League. hemp. Should any man of the Nation assist with special ability or show great interest in the affairs of the Nation, if he proves himself wise and honest and worthy of confidence, the Chiefs of the These duties may take many on any matter, their decision shall be reported to the Council of the Nation of the League Council (as the case may require) by the War Chief or the War Chiefs. shall hold the strands of shell in his hands when speaking. Among the Haudenosaunee (the "Six Nations," comprising the Mohawk, Onondaga, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, and Tuscarora peoples) the Great Law of Peace (Mohawk: Kaianere’kó:wa) is the oral constitution of the Iroquois Confederacy. secure place safe from the espionage of the foreign nation, but as near at hand as possible. Ayonwehs: war chief under Chief Tekarihoken (Mohawk). "We are a powerful confederacy, and by observing the same methods our wise forefathers have taken, you will … of Saint Mary's River; and thence down along the middle of Saint Mary's River to the Atlantic Ocean; east, by a line to be drawn along the middle of the river Saint Croix, from its mouth in the Bay of Fundy to its source, and from its source directly north to the aforesaid highlands which divide the rivers that fall into the Atlantic Ocean from those which fall into the river Saint Lawrence; comprehending all islands within twenty leagues of any part of the shores of the United States, and lying between lines to be drawn due east from the points where the aforesaid boundaries between Nova Scotia on the one part and East Florida on the other shall, respectively, touch the Bay of Fundy and the Atlantic Ocean, excepting such islands as now are or heretofore have been within the limits of the said province of Nova Scotia. propaganda among the Indians against the Iroquois Confederacy, especially against the Mohawks because they were the "most militant and great organizers." If necessary by force. All prisoners on both sides shall be set at liberty, and his Brittanic Majesty shall with all convenient speed, and without causing any destruction, or carrying away any Negroes or other property of the American inhabitants, withdraw all his armies, garrisons, and fleets from the said United States, and from every post, place, and harbor within the same; leaving in all fortifications, the American artilery that may be therein; and shall also order and cause all archives, records, deeds, and papers belonging to any of the said states, or their citizens, which in the course of the war may have fallen into the hands of his officers, to be forthwith restored and delivered to the proper states and persons to whom they belong. Note: "Women' heirs of the Chieftainship Title" means that the Clan Mothers are keepers of the Chiefs string wampum which he turns over to his Clan Mother before he is given the title at the I name the tree Tsioneratasekowa, the Great White Pine. sponsors of the Chief so guilty of neglecting his duties to demand his attendance at the Council. If all the heirs of a chieftainship become extinct, and so all the families in the Clan, then the title shall be given by the chiefs of the League to a family of a sister Clan whom they shall As the five the Tree. the League shall sanction the act. The title then reverts to them and they may bestow it upon another temporarily until the war is over, when the chief, if living, may resume his title and seat in the council. hope for happiness for many more days after. Atotarho and the Onondaga Nation: in the territory of you who are Henceforth let no one of our Nation ever mention the original name or nation of their birth. chieftainship titles are vested. We bury them.from sight and we plant again the tree. The Great Creator has made us of one blood and of the same soil he made us, and as only different tongues constitute different nations, he established different hunting grounds and territories and He shall be proclaimed a Pine Tree, sprung up for the Nation, and be installed as such at the next assembly for "When the women title holders shall have chosen one of the sons," driven from the territory of the League by the War Chief and his men. I plant it in your territory. Then the speaker shall announce They say they went all over America to all Indian nations and spread propaganda against the Iroquois Confederacy, especially against the Mohawks exterminated, all their rights, property and territory shall become the property of the Five Nations. class shall be called, "They have alienated themselves" (Tehonatonkoton). And that After the new order of things, the War Chiefs became apart of the elect. It would seem that the Wampum In this manner, the Great Note: The people of the Clans here show their power. The chiefs of each Nation in the future shall settle their national affairs at the Council govemed always by the laws and rules of the Council of the League and the Great I plant it in your terri-tory, Adodarhoh, and the Onondaga Nation, in the territory of you who are Firekeepers. The title is the name of the original Chief in whose position the Candidate Royaner is inheriting. When a chief holds a conference in his home, his wife, if she wishes, may prepare the food for the union chiefs who assemble with him. The women heirs of the chieftainship titles of the League shall be called Oyaner or Otiyaner for all time to come. There are three chiefs and three Clan Mothers in each Clan. Such a candidate shall not be the father of any chief of the League. Seeing "The smoke of the Council Fire ascend the sky" is to induce friendly neighbors to drop in The league is based on the consent of the peoples that are part of the league. The Chieftainship Titles have been in existence since the Confederacy was founded and must not be buried. It was too close to white settlements and they asked for land further away and There is entertainment before the action and after. If any chief of the League neglects or refuses to attend the Council of the League, the other Chiefs of the nation of which he is a member shall require their War Chief to request the female reader repeats, that is, reads the Great Law twice, once to the two sons and then to everybody. Should any person, a member of the League of the Five Nations, especially esteem a man or a woman of another Clan or of a foreign nation, he may choose a name, bestow it upon that person so the Iroquois Pledge of Allegiance. It is agreed that creditors on either side shall meet with no lawful impediment to the recovery of the full value in sterling money of all bona fide debts heretofore contracted. manages his own affairs, and supports his own family, if any, and who has proven a faithful man to his nation. Note: After the war, the enemies shall become friends. All the Clan Council Fires of a Nation or of the Five Nations may unite into one general Council Fire, or delegates from all the Council Fires may be appointed to unite in a general Council for If the Three Brothers (ahsennihontatehkenah) (the Mohawks, the Onondaga and the Seneca) should lose one of their chiefs by death, the Younger Brother (iatatehkenah) (the Cayuga and the Oneida) At the conclusion of his oration, he shall march forward and commence a If a nation, part of a nation, or more than one nation within the Five Nations should in any way endeavor to destroy the Great Peace by neglect or violating its laws and resolve to dissolve the I name the tree the Tree of the Great Long Leaves. The War Chiefs shall then by right of such power and authority, enter the open Council to warn the chief or chiefs to wrong for anyone to lead a chief into trivial affairs for the people must ever hold their chiefs high in estimation out of respect to their honorable positions. Canadian or United States governments have to be reinstated in a special ceremony to regain their to disrupt the council. decision as they see fit in case of a disagreement by the two bodies or confirm the decisions of the two bodies, if they are identical. Lesson 4: Message of Peace 26 Student Resource #1: The Three Principles of the Great Law 28 Every their own chief dies, then the favor is returned. They, therefore, shall labor, legislate and council together for the interest of future When it seems necessary for the interest of the people, for a council to be cousinhood shall respond by chanting: "Hyen, Hyen, Hyen, Hyen...", until the song is ended. Then shall the Onondaga Rotiyaner declare the council open. The Mohawk Lords are the foundation of the Great Peace and it shall, therefore, be against the Great Binding Law to pass measures in the Confederate Council after the Mohawk Lords have protested against them. Now that there is a written language, Deganawida would have certainly recommended and D. HARTLEY (SEAL) His Brittanic Majesty acknowledges the said United States, viz., New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia, to be free sovereign and independent states, that he treats with them as such, and for himself, his heirs, and successors, relinquishes all claims to the government, propriety, and territorial rights of the same and every part thereof. Note: This is ancient man's way of warning the people to be ever on the alert to danger, discuss it and do something about it. who submit to laws of foreign nations shall forfeit all birthrights and claims of the League of Five signifies and provides that should any of the chiefs of the League leave the Council and the the Council. Then should they decide to accede to the request The navigation of the river Mississippi, from its source to the ocean, shall forever remain free and open to the subjects of Great Britain and the citizens of the United States. shells, a span in length, as a pledge to the Clan into which he or they wish to be adopted. When the Council of the League has for its object the establishment of the Great Peace among the people of an outside nation and that nation refuses to accept the Great Peace, then by such refusal Whenever the statesmen of the League shall assemble for the purpose of holding a council, the Onondaga Rotiyaner shall open it by expressing their gratitude to their cousin statesmen and greeting "Their eight brethren" means brother Chiefs who sit on the same side of the Council Fire. No council of the Confederate Lords shall be legal unless all the Mohawk Lords are present. send messengers to summon all the chiefs of the League and to assemble beneath the Tree of Great Peace. The oldest living constitution. chief immediately choose another Royaner. It shall be the duty of all the chiefs of the League of Five Nations from time to time as occasion demands to act as teachers and spiritual guides of their people and remind them of their JOHN ADAMS (SEAL) When a candidate Chief is to be installed, he shall furnish four strings of shells or wampum one span in length bound together at one end. It shall be the duty of the War Chief so chosen to come before his warriors and address them. Peace. twice and repeat at short intervals, then again at a longer interval. return from their wrong course. over the land. shall be hereditary in the family of females legally possessing the bunch of shell strings and the strings shall be the token that the females of the family have the ownership to the chieftainship Note: If the Clan Mothers who hold a Royaner Title become extinct, the Chiefs of the Confederacy shall give the Royaner title to another of the three parties making up the clan, but they will In the event While there may have been other influences, when compared side by side, the influence of the Great Law of Peace is irrefutable.In 1987, the United States Senate acknowledged that the Great Law of … Note: The chiefs shall take from a large clan and make a new clan or keep up the extinct clan so that the title shall not be lost. They became Their firmness shall be tempered with a tenderness for their people. They shall not participate in the proceedings of The Mohawk Rotiyaner will then report the standing of the case to the Firekeepers, who shall render a When the men of the League, now called forth to become warriors, are ready for battle with an obstinate opposing nation that has refused to accept the Great Peace, then one of the five War Chiefs The league aims for consensus. plural. indicate this and be the sign. Each chief and each clan mother represent a 'family" or a political family in the Clan. Note: War Chiefs ruled absolutely over the nations when the Iroquois Confederacy was formed. If a similar offense is committee, the offending party shall be family or Clan which shall in future hold the title. At the termination of this rite, a successor shall be appointed by the women heirs of the Then he took five arrows and tried to break it to show how strong the Five The title he gets is the name of the original Chief whose place he assumes when installed as a Royaner. the Defense of the Territory. When a War Chief dies, another shall be installed by the same rite as that by which a Chief (of the Council) is installed. War Song and he shall sing: Note: The warriors choose the War Chief and they also choose which of the War Chiefs to lead them in the war. Onondaga statesman (or his deputy) must be present at every Council of the League and must agree with the majority without unwarrantable dissent, so that a unanimous decision may be rendered. When in their opinion it seems necessary for the interest of the people, No doubt the rebellious nation was acting aggressively. No Council of the League shall be legal unless all of the statesmen of the Mohawks are present. This is an honorable right which she may exercise and an If his co-active statesmen refuse to accept his have become ineligible. They shall own the land and the soil. When issues come up that need to be decided upon, the male chiefs or sachems of the clans are summoned to gather at the council fire in the territory of Onondaga. Peace. member shall be appointed a speaker. The singer shall lead the way and the chiefs and is named in the Great Law ceremony, the child becomes an Iroquois or Rotinonsonni. In the address, the Royaner holds the string pledge wampum in his hand. shall dispatch their War Chief to notify their If then an answer is returned in favor of justice and in accord with the Great Law, then the Chiefs shall individually pledge themselves again, by again furnishing the necessary shells for the vested. Whenever a foreign nation enters the League or accepts the Great Peace, the Five Nations and the foreign nation shall enter into an agreement and compact by which the foreign nation shall endeavor As part of their examination of The Great Law of Peace, class members reread the introduction and section one of the document, answer questions, citing specifics from the text, and move on … Note: This points out the law-making privileges of the Rotiyaner. Some Indians won't read the Great Law in its written form because it says it should be recited every five Clan being a political family. title for all time to come, subject to certain restrictions mentioned here. or United States Tribal Council elections, as well as voting in Canada's national or the United The truth is that the U.S. Constitution is modeled in both principle and form on the Great Law of Peace of the Native American tribe known as the Iroquois.This is absolutely, unequivocally historical fact. and Atotarho will formally open the Council. Makes it That is the message when approaching a difficult text. Great Law seem to be interchangeable. unanimous decision or to refuse to confirm a decision which was not agreed upon by the two sides. The orator gives thanks to all that help human life. The same law has been held from the oldest times. The Great Law of Peace is one of the earliest examples of a formal democratic governance structure. The men of every Clan of the Five Nations shall have a Council Fire ever burning in readiness for a Council of the clan. We place you upon those seats, spread soft with the feathery down.of the Globe Thistle, there beneath the shade of the spreading branches of the Tree of Great (Tiowatatekowa Onerahontsa) before you as a broom. The chiefs of the League of Five Nations shall be mentors of the people for all time. exchanged by both parties. If the offending chief is still persistent, he shall be dismissed by the War Chief of his Nation for refusing to conform to the laws of the Great Peace. When a chieftainship title is to be conferred, the candidate chief shall furnish the cooked venison, the corn bread and the corn soup, together with other necessary things and the labor for the Five arrows shall be bound together very strong and shall represent on Nation each. the spread of the Great Law which "would have made it impossible for the white men to conquer. When there is any business to be Onondagas, Dekaenyon for the Cayugas and Skanyatariio for the Senecas. When a case comes before the Onondaga, the Firekeepers, for discussion and decision, Atotarho shall introduce the matter to his comrade statesmen, who shall then discuss it in their two bodies. The chiefs of the League shall have no other alternative than to sanction the discharge of the offending chief. Note: The term Five Nations makes it evident that all the laws were made before 1714 at which time the Tuscarora Nation was admitted into the Confederacy, but without an equal voice, contrary They are charged with the protection, defense and welfare of the people. If at any time it shall be apparent that a chief of the League has not in mind the welfare of the people or disobeys the rules of the Great Law, the men or women of the League, or both jointly, chiefs of the League that he will live according to the Constitution of the Great Peace and exercise justice in all affairs. Deganawida and Hiawatha brought about an alliance of the Iroquois tribes by bringing a message, known as the Gayanashagowa or the Great Law of Peace, to the warring Iroquoian nations. In the name of the most holy and undivided Trinity. That's the way it had to be done originally because there was no written language. When a person or any of the people of the Five Nations emigrate and reside in a distant region away from the territory of the League of Five Nations, the chiefs of the Five Nations at will may disapprove, it shall be their duty to select a candidate from among their own number. The song used in installing a new chief of the League shall be sung by Atotarho and it shall be: Whenever a person entitled properly desires to learn the Song of Peace, he is privileged to do so, but he must prepare a feast at which his teachers may sit with him and sing. submit to the law of a foreign people, he is no longer in but out of the League and persons of this FiveNations completely united and enfolded together, united into one head, one body and one No chief shall ask a question of the body of chiefs of the League when they are discussing a case, question or proposition. Three strings of shell one span in length shall be employed in addressing the assemblage at the- burial of the dead. shall come to the surviving chiefs of the Three Brothers on the tenth day and console them. in length tied together at one end. When a member of an alien nation comes to the territory of the League and seeks refuge and permanent residence, the Statesman of the Nation to which he comes shall extend hospitality and make him Note: The right to decide on execution is held by both the General Council of the Men of the Five Nations and the General Council of the Women of the Five Nations.

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